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An investigation into the properties of ternary and binary cement pastes containing glass powder

Marcelo Frota BAZHUNI, Mahsa KAMALI, Ali GHAHREMANINEZHAD

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第13卷 第3期   页码 741-750 doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0511-5

摘要: The properties of binary and ternary cement pastes containing glass powder (GP) were examined. Hydration at early age was evaluated using semi-adiabatic calorimetry and at late ages using non-evaporable water content and thermogravimetric analysis. The transport characteristic was assessed by measuring electrical resistivity. The binary paste with slag showed the highest hydration activity compared to the binary pastes with GP and fly ash (FA). The results indicated that the pozzolanic behavior of the binary paste with GP was less than that of the binary pastes with slag or FA at late ages. An increase in the electrical resistivity and compressive strength of the binary paste with GP compared to other modified pastes at late ages was observed. It was shown that GP tends to increase the drying shrinkage of the pastes. Ternary pastes containing GP did not exhibit synergistic enhancements compared to the respective binary pastes.

关键词: cement paste     glass powder     pozzolanic reaction     supplementary cementitious material    

Pore structure of cementitious material enhanced by graphitic nanomaterial: a critical review

S.A. GHAHARI, E. GHAFARI, L. ASSI

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第1期   页码 137-147 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0431-9

摘要: Carbon nano tubes (CNT) has been introduced as an efficient nanomaterial in order to improve the mechanical and durability properties of concrete. The effect of CNT on the microstructures of cementitious materials has been widely reported. This paper combines a critical review on the effect of CNT on the pore and microstructure of cement composite with a discussion on the porosity measurement of pastes containing CNT using mercury intrusion porosimetry techniques (MIP). It was found that, surface treatment by H SO and HNO solution forms carboxyl acid groups on CNTs’ surfaces that lead to the improvement of reinforcement. In this scope, this review paper involves analyzing the effect of CNT on the microstructure and the pore structure of cementitious materials. The existing methods of measuring the porosity of cementitious material are reviewed, in particular, the contact angle measurement is discussed in detail in which the most effective parameters and possible errors of calculation is presented.

关键词: carbon nano tubes     microstructure     porosity     mercury intrusion porosimetry     cement composite    

Strengthening of the concrete face slabs of dams using sprayable strain-hardening fiber-reinforced cementitious

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第2期   页码 145-160 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0806-4

摘要: In this study, sprayable strain-hardening fiber-reinforced cementitious composites (FRCC) were applied to strengthen the concrete slabs in a concrete-face rockfill dam (CFRD) for the first time. Experimental, numerical, and analytical investigations were carried out to understand the flexural properties of FRCC-layered concrete slabs. It was found that the FRCC layer improved the flexural performance of concrete slabs significantly. The cracking and ultimate loads of a concrete slab with an 80 mm FRCC layer were 132% and 69% higher than those of the unstrengthened concrete slab, respectively. At the maximum crack width of 0.2 mm, the deflection of the 80-mm FRCC strengthened concrete slab was 144% higher than that of the unstrengthened concrete slab. In addition, a FE model and a simplified analytical method were developed for the design and analysis of FRCC-layered concrete slabs. Finally, the test result of FRCC leaching solution indicated that the quality of the water surrounding FRCC satisfied the standard for drinking water. The findings of this study indicate that the sprayable strain-hardening FRCC has a good potential for strengthening hydraulic structures such as CFRDs.

关键词: strain-hardening cementitious composites     engineered cementitious composites     sprayable     shotcrete     strengthening     concrete-face rockfill dam     digital image correlation    

Effect of natural pozzolan content on the properties of engineered cementitious composites as repairmaterial

Said CHOUCHA, Amar BENYAHIA, Mohamed GHRICI, Mohamed Said MANSOUR

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第3期   页码 261-269 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0394-x

摘要:

In order to determine the effect of Natural Pozzolan (NP) content on the mechanical properties and durability characteristics on Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) as repair material. This study focused on the evaluation of the most factors influencing compatibility between the repair material and the base concrete including mechanicals properties such as, compressive and flexural strengths, elastic modulus, capillary absorption and drying shrinkage. The experimental results showed that natural pozzolan reduces the compressive strength and the flexural strength of ECC at all ages. The elastic modulus of ECC was remarkably lower than that of normal-strength concrete. This lower Young’s modulus is desirable for repair concrete, because it prevents the stresses induced by restrained shrinkage. In addition, the incorporation of high-volume natural pozzolan decreases significantly the coefficient of capillary absorption at long term and increases the drying shrinkage. Generally, based on the results obtained in the present experimental investigation, ECC can be used effectively as an overlay material over existing parent concrete.

关键词: natural pozzolan     engineered cementitious composites     mechanical strengths     elastic modulus     capillary absorption     drying shrinkage    

reducing admixtures having different action mechanisms on mechanical and durability performance of cementitious

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第5期   页码 1277-1291 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-1752-2

摘要: In this paper, the effect of usage of the permeability reducing admixture (PRA) having different action mechanisms on hardened state properties of cementitious systems containing mineral additives is examined. For this aim, three commercial PRAs were used during investigation. The effective parameters in the first and third PRAs were air-entraining and high-rate air-entraining, respectively. The second one contained the insoluble calcium carbonate residue and had a small amount of the air-entraining property. Mortar mixes with binary and ternary cementitious systems were prepared by partially replacing cement with fly ash and metakaolin. The hardened state properties of mortar mixtures such as compressive strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity, water absorption, drying shrinkage and freeze–thaw resistance were investigated. The ternary cement-based mixture having both fly ash and metakaolin was selected as the most successful mineral-additive bearing mix in regard to hardened state properties. In this sense, PRA-B, with both insoluble residues and a small amount of air-entraining properties, showed the best performance among the mixtures containing PRA. The combined use of mineral additive and PRA had a more positive effect on the properties of the mixes.

关键词: cementitious system     mineral additive     permeability reducing admixture     mechanical properties     durability performance    

Strengthening of reinforced concrete beams using fiber-reinforced cementitious matrix systems fabricated

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》   页码 1100-1116 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0967-9

摘要: The performance of a new fiber-reinforced cementitious matrix (FRCM) system developed using custom-designed mortar and fabrics is investigated in this study. The behavior of this system is evaluated in terms of both the flexural and shear strengthening of reinforced concrete beams. Eight beams are designed to assess the effectiveness of the FRCM system in terms of flexural strengthening, and four specimens are designed to investigate their shear behavior. The parameters investigated for flexural strengthening are the number of layers, span/depth ratio, and the strengthening method. Unlike previous studies, custom fabrics with similar axial stiffness are used in all strengthening methods in this study. In the shear-strengthened specimens, the effects of the span/depth ratio and strengthening system type (fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) or FRCM) are investigated. The proposed FRCM system exhibits desirable flexural and shear strengthening for enhancing the load capacity, provides sufficient bonding with the substrate, and prevents premature failure modes. Considering the similar axial stiffness of fabrics used in both FRCM and FRP systems and the higher load capacity of specimens strengthened by the former, cement-based mortar performs better than epoxy.

关键词: fiber-reinforced cementitious matrix     flexural strengthening     shear strengthening     carbon fiber-reinforced polymer     shear span    

effect of carbon nanotubes and polypropylene fibers on bond of reinforcing bars in strain resilient cementitious

Souzana P. TASTANI,Maria S. KONSTA-GDOUTOS,Stavroula J. PANTAZOPOULOU,Victor BALOPOULOS

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2016年 第10卷 第2期   页码 214-223 doi: 10.1007/s11709-016-0332-3

摘要: Stress transfer between reinforcing bars and concrete is engaged through rib translation relative to concrete, and comprises longitudinal bond stresses and radial pressure. The radial pressure is equilibrated by hoop tension undertaken by the concrete cover. Owing to concrete’s poor tensile properties in terms of strength and deformability, the equilibrium is instantly released upon radial cracking of the cover along the anchorage with commensurate abrupt loss of the bond strength. Any improvement of the matrix tensile properties is expected to favorably affect bond in terms of strength, resilience to pullout slip, residual resistance and controlled slippage.The aim of this paper is to investigate the local bond of steel bars developed in adverse tensile stress conditions in the concrete cover. In the tests, the matrix comprises a novel, strain resilient cementitious composite (SRCC) reinforced with polypropylene fibers (PP) with the synergistic action of carbon nano-tubes (CNT). Local bond is developed over a short anchorage length occurring in the constant moment region of a four-point bending short beam. Parameters of investigation were the material structure (comprising a basic control mix, reinforced with CNTs and/or PP fibers) and the age of testing. Accompanying tests used to characterize the cementitious material were also conducted. The test results illustrate that all the benefits gained due to the synergy between PP fibers and CNTs in the matrix, namely the maintenance of the multi-cracking effect with time, the increased strength and deformability as well as the highly increased material toughness, were imparted in the recorded bond response. The local bond response curves thus obtained were marked by a resilient appearance exhibiting sustained strength up to large levels of controlled bar-slip; the elasto-plastic bond response envelope was a result of the confining synergistic effect of CNTs and the PP fibers, and it occurred even without bar yielding.

关键词: carbon nanotubes     strain resilient cementitious composite     polypropylene fibers     tensile bending     bond    

Development of New Modality Municipal Public Transportation for Guangzhou—Group Rapid Transit System as Supplementary

Ru-jiang Zhao,Wung Hee Moh

《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2015年 第2卷 第4期   页码 378-390 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015061

摘要: As one of the primary business centers of China, Guangzhou has been undergoing rapid growth and expansion. Over the past decade, the Guangzhou Municipality Government has significantly upgraded its transport infrastructure, especially with the highly beneficial expansion of its Subway Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) system. Positive steps have also been taken to continue planning the construction of new roads, a Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system and other transportation facilities. Further administrative and regulatory measures have also been implemented to control the situation, such as the banning of motorcycles from the central city area and the limitation of new automobile registrations. However, Guangzhou continues to face serious challenges of traffic congestion in and around the city center owing to further intensification of its population with economic growth. The need to ease Guangzhou’s stretched public transportation resources, and at the same time to support the realization of its “Eastward Advance” strategy, presents a unique challenge and opportunity to develop an advanced high-efficiency public transportation modality for Guangzhou, viz. the Group Rapid Transit (GRT) involving the use of automation-guided (driverless) smart-vehicles. This paper outlines the PRT/GRT (PRT: Personal Rapid Transit) smart-vehicle modality and also puts forth a proposal of Guangzhou’s first GRT route as the city’s first dedicated transportation link to the scenic landscape of the Eastern Tourism Zone. This GRT route will help in diffusing the city’s traffic congestion as well as support the effectuation of Guangzhou’s “Eastern Expansion” strategy, supplementing the ongoing expansion of the Guangzhou Municipality’s subway MRT networks.

关键词: public transportation system     innovative city transportation     Subway Mass Rapid Transit (MRT)     Bus Rapid Transit (BRT)     Group Rapid Transit (GRT)     Personal Rapid Transit (PRT)    

Quantification of hydration products in cementitious materials incorporating silica nanoparticles

L. P. SINGH,A. GOEL,S. K. BHATTACHARYYA,G. MISHRA

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2016年 第10卷 第2期   页码 162-167 doi: 10.1007/s11709-015-0315-9

摘要: In the present work, silica nanoparticles (30-70nm) were supplemented into cement paste to study their influence on degree of hydration, porosity and formation of different type of calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H) gel. As the hydration time proceeds, the degree of hydration reach to 76% in nano-modified cement paste whereas plain cement achieve up to 63% at 28 days. An influence of degree of hydration on the porosity was also determined. In plain cement paste, the capillary porosity at 1hr is ~48%, whereas in silica nanoparticles added cement is ~35 % only, it revealed that silica nanoparticles refines the pore structure due to accelerated hydration mechanism leading to denser microstructure. Similarly, increasing gel porosity reveals the formation of more C-S-H gel. Furthermore, C-S-H gel of different Ca/Si ratio in hydrated cement paste was quantified using X-ray diffractometer and thermogravimetry. The results show that in presence of silica nanoparticles, ~24% C-S-H (Ca/Si<1.0) forms, leading to the formation of polymerised and compact C-S-H. In case of plain cement this type of C-S-H was completely absent at 28 days. These studies reveal that the hydration mechanism of the cement can be tuned with the incorporation of silica nanoparticles and thus, producing more durable cementitious materials.

关键词: degree of hydration     porosity     calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H)     silica nanoparticles    

nano/microparticles for enhanced mechanical properties and electromagnetic interference shielding of cementitious

Rao Arsalan KHUSHNOOD,Sajjad AHMAD,Luciana RESTUCCIA,Consuelo SPOTO,Pravin JAGDALE,Jean-Marc TULLIANI,Giuseppe Andrea FERRO

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2016年 第10卷 第2期   页码 209-213 doi: 10.1007/s11709-016-0330-5

摘要: In the present work, carbon nano/microparticles obtained by controlled pyrolysis of peanut (PS) and hazelnut (HS) shells are presented. These materials were characterized by Raman spectroscopy and field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). When added to cement paste, up to 1 wt%, these materials led to an increase of the cement matrix flexural strength and of toughness. Moreover, with respect to plain cement, the total increase in electromagnetic radiation shielding effect when adding 0.5 wt% of PS or HS in cement composites is much higher in comparison to the ones reported in the literature for CNTs used in the same content.

关键词: carbon nano/microparticles     green cement     toughness mechanism     electromagnetic shielding effect    

Liquid metal material genome: Initiation of a new research track towards discovery of advanced energy

Lei WANG, Jing LIU

《能源前沿(英文)》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 317-332 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0271-9

摘要: As the basis of modern industry, the roles materials play are becoming increasingly vital in this day and age. With many superior physical properties over conventional fluids, the low melting point liquid metal material, especially room-temperature liquid metal, is recently found to be uniquely useful in a wide variety of emerging areas from energy, electronics to medical sciences. However, with the coming enormous utilization of such materials, serious issues also arise which urgently need to be addressed. A biggest concern to impede the large scale application of room-temperature liquid metal technologies is that there is currently a strong shortage of the materials and species available to meet the tough requirements such as cost, melting point, electrical and thermal conductivity, etc. Inspired by the Material Genome Initiative as issued in 2011 by the United States of America, a more specific and focused project initiative was proposed in this paper—the liquid metal material genome aimed to discover advanced new functional alloys with low melting point so as to fulfill various increasing needs. The basic schemes and road map for this new research program, which is expected to have a worldwide significance, were outlined. The theoretical strategies and experimental methods in the research and development of liquid metal material genome were introduced. Particularly, the calculation of phase diagram (CALPHAD) approach as a highly effective way for material design was discussed. Further, the first-principles (FP) calculation was suggested to combine with the statistical thermodynamics to calculate the thermodynamic functions so as to enrich the CALPHAD database of liquid metals. When the experimental data are too scarce to perform a regular treatment, the combination of FP calculation, cluster variation method (CVM) or molecular dynamics (MD), and CALPHAD, referred to as the mixed FP-CVM-CALPHAD method can be a promising way to solve the problem. Except for the theoretical strategies, several parallel processing experimental methods were also analyzed, which can help improve the efficiency of finding new liquid metal materials and reducing the cost. The liquid metal material genome proposal as initiated in this paper will accelerate the process of finding and utilization of new functional materials.

关键词: liquid metal material genome     energy material     material discovery     advanced material     room-temperature liquid alloy     thermodynamics     phase diagram    

Robust topology optimization of multi-material lattice structures under material and load uncertainties

Yu-Chin CHAN, Kohei SHINTANI, Wei CHEN

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第14卷 第2期   页码 141-152 doi: 10.1007/s11465-019-0531-4

摘要: Enabled by advancements in multi-material additive manufacturing, lightweight lattice structures consisting of networks of periodic unit cells have gained popularity due to their extraordinary performance and wide array of functions. This work proposes a density-based robust topology optimization method for meso- or macro-scale multi-material lattice structures under any combination of material and load uncertainties. The method utilizes a new generalized material interpolation scheme for an arbitrary number of materials, and employs univariate dimension reduction and Gauss-type quadrature to quantify and propagate uncertainty. By formulating the objective function as a weighted sum of the mean and standard deviation of compliance, the tradeoff between optimality and robustness can be studied and controlled. Examples of a cantilever beam lattice structure under various material and load uncertainty cases exhibit the efficiency and flexibility of the approach. The accuracy of univariate dimension reduction is validated by comparing the results to the Monte Carlo approach.

关键词: robust topology optimization     lattice structures     multi-material     material uncertainty     load uncertainty     univariate dimension reduction    

side chain length of polycarboxylate-ether-based high-range water-reducing admixture on properties of cementitious

Süleyman ÖZEN, Muhammet Gökhan ALTUN, Ali MARDANI-AGHABAGLOU, Kambiz RAMYAR

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第6期   页码 1573-1582 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0680-x

摘要: Despite the large variations in the behaviors of water-reducing admixtures upon changes in their structures, most previous reports on the cement-admixture compatibility did not provide sufficient information on the structure of the admixture. Hence, the evaluation and generalization of the reports on the cement-admixture compatibility are challenging. In this study, three different polycarboxylate-ether-based water-reducing admixtures with the same free nonionic content, anionic/nonionic molar ratio, and main chain length and different side chain lengths were produced. The compatibility of these admixtures with a CEM I 42.5R-type cement was investigated. In addition, an analysis of variance was performed on the experiment results to evaluate the contributions of the admixture type, admixture/cement ratio, and elapsing time to the Marsh funnel flow time, mini-slump, slump flow, and compressive strength. The water-reducing admixtures having long or short side chains reduced the initial flow characteristics of the cementitious systems. However, the admixture having the shortest side chain was better with regard to flow retention. The side chain length of the admixture did not have significant effects on the compressive strength and water absorption capacity of the mortar mixtures and mini-slump performances of the cement paste mixtures. Regarding the behaviors of the admixtures in the cementitious systems, an optimal admixture side chain molecular weight is proposed.

关键词: water-reducing admixture     side chain length     cement paste     fluidity     compressive strength    

Initial stiffness and moment resistance of reinforced joint with end-plate connection

Sufang WANG, Yiyi CHEN,

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2009年 第3卷 第4期   页码 345-351 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0054-x

摘要: In beam-to-column joint with bolted end-plate connection, the structural details of column flange reinforced by backing plate and column web panel reinforced by supplementary plate are analyzed. The joint is divided into some basic components, and the initial stiffness of each component is obtained. Especially, the initial stiffness of reinforced components is drawn by theoretical model and finite element analysis. The initial stiffness of reinforced joint can be obtained by assembling the initial stiffness of each component. The design moment resistance of column flange reinforced by backing plate is deduced based on yield line method, and the design moment resistances of other components are deduced based on present codes. The design moment resistance of the reinforced joint is then determined by the minimum of the design moment resistances of all components. By comparison with the results of finite element calculation, it is verified that the method to calculate the initial stiffness of reinforced joint is accurate enough to be used to estimate the rigid behavior of the joint and to make parametric study.

关键词: steel structure     end-plate connection     backing plate     supplementary web plate     initial stiffness     moment resistance    

工程材料研究中科学问题的思考

于翘

《中国工程科学》 1999年 第1卷 第3期   页码 1-4

摘要:

在不少场合下,航天用工程材料处在极端条件下工作,这就对材料提出许多特殊的要求,虽然国内外有一定的研究积累,但对更精确的模型和符合特定材料的损伤的状态方程,有待深一步研究。如高级弹头再入时气动加热和粒子云侵蚀以及两者耦合效应引起弹头防护材料增大后退量的问题;空中垃圾和微流星的高速碰撞对航天器的威胁;特别是核爆和激光武器对材料的损伤和破坏,实质上是辐射引起的热击波层裂破坏,这些都属于超高速碰撞对材料的响应问题。天线罩材料、吸波材料、红外隐身材料、电磁屏蔽材料都是具有不同波长电磁波的电磁功能材料,它们对固体介质的穿透、吸收、反射等会产生响应,不同的电磁功能材料,其宏观性能的物理参量不同,但有几个参量是通用的,如介电常数、磁导率和损耗角正切,搞清这些参量与材料微观结构的关系,可以为材料设计和材料创新提供科学依据。

关键词: 天线罩材料     吸波材料     红外隐身材料     电磁兼容材料    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

An investigation into the properties of ternary and binary cement pastes containing glass powder

Marcelo Frota BAZHUNI, Mahsa KAMALI, Ali GHAHREMANINEZHAD

期刊论文

Pore structure of cementitious material enhanced by graphitic nanomaterial: a critical review

S.A. GHAHARI, E. GHAFARI, L. ASSI

期刊论文

Strengthening of the concrete face slabs of dams using sprayable strain-hardening fiber-reinforced cementitious

期刊论文

Effect of natural pozzolan content on the properties of engineered cementitious composites as repairmaterial

Said CHOUCHA, Amar BENYAHIA, Mohamed GHRICI, Mohamed Said MANSOUR

期刊论文

reducing admixtures having different action mechanisms on mechanical and durability performance of cementitious

期刊论文

Strengthening of reinforced concrete beams using fiber-reinforced cementitious matrix systems fabricated

期刊论文

effect of carbon nanotubes and polypropylene fibers on bond of reinforcing bars in strain resilient cementitious

Souzana P. TASTANI,Maria S. KONSTA-GDOUTOS,Stavroula J. PANTAZOPOULOU,Victor BALOPOULOS

期刊论文

Development of New Modality Municipal Public Transportation for Guangzhou—Group Rapid Transit System as Supplementary

Ru-jiang Zhao,Wung Hee Moh

期刊论文

Quantification of hydration products in cementitious materials incorporating silica nanoparticles

L. P. SINGH,A. GOEL,S. K. BHATTACHARYYA,G. MISHRA

期刊论文

nano/microparticles for enhanced mechanical properties and electromagnetic interference shielding of cementitious

Rao Arsalan KHUSHNOOD,Sajjad AHMAD,Luciana RESTUCCIA,Consuelo SPOTO,Pravin JAGDALE,Jean-Marc TULLIANI,Giuseppe Andrea FERRO

期刊论文

Liquid metal material genome: Initiation of a new research track towards discovery of advanced energy

Lei WANG, Jing LIU

期刊论文

Robust topology optimization of multi-material lattice structures under material and load uncertainties

Yu-Chin CHAN, Kohei SHINTANI, Wei CHEN

期刊论文

side chain length of polycarboxylate-ether-based high-range water-reducing admixture on properties of cementitious

Süleyman ÖZEN, Muhammet Gökhan ALTUN, Ali MARDANI-AGHABAGLOU, Kambiz RAMYAR

期刊论文

Initial stiffness and moment resistance of reinforced joint with end-plate connection

Sufang WANG, Yiyi CHEN,

期刊论文

工程材料研究中科学问题的思考

于翘

期刊论文